Blue-green Algae Poisoning in Dogs and Livestock

Blue-green algae in a Central Indiana pond covered the water in green scum with the dried algae resulting in the blue pigment on the tree.

The vast majority of algae growing in lakes and ponds represents a normal part of a healthy ecosystem and are harmless to animals. This summer, there have been reports of dogs and other animals sickened after exposure to rapid growth of thick, sometimes odiferous, blue-green algae (cyanobacteria) in lakes and ponds in the U.S. Dr. Steve Hooser, Purdue Veterinary Medicine professor of toxicology and head of the Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory’s Toxicology section, says some of these “blooms” of blue-green algae have produced deadly toxins that can affect the nervous system or liver of dogs exposed to algal toxins in the water or at the water’s edge. Livestock can also be poisoned from drinking water with the toxins in it.

Processing algal bloom samples from western Lake Erie at the
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory in Ann Arbor, Mich., August 10, 2015. (Photo courtesy of NOAA)

To the untrained eye, harmless filamentous green algae and potentially toxic blue green algae can look pretty similar. To make things even more uncertain, even when there is an actual bloom of blue-green algae (see picture above), sometimes the blue-green algae make toxins, and sometimes they don’t. There is no way to know just by looking at the blue-green algae in the water.

The Indiana Department of Environmental Management (IDEM), the Indiana Department of Natural Resources (DNR), the Indiana State Department of Health (ISDH), and the Board of Animal Health (BOAH) have excellent information about blue-green algae, also known as cyanobacteria, in Indiana lakes. Additionally, the Indiana DNR has a program that monitors blue-green algae in some public reservoirs and lakes.

In cases in which blue-green algae blooms are present, and there is potential danger to animals, testing can be performed on water samples at the Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine’s Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory (ADDL) to look for blue-green algae and to detect the presence of blue-green algae toxins, anatoxin-a or microcystins.

For additional information about blue-green algae testing, visit the ADDL’s website at: www.addl.purdue.edu

Writer(s): Steve Hooser and Kevin Doerr | pvmnews@purdue.edu

Recent Stories

“Paws Up” – brought to you by the PVM Wellness Committee

Today we extend appreciation for Kyle Moffitt who is a Senior IT Technician in PVMIT.

Purdue Veterinary Hospital Participates in One-Day National Effort to Preserve Sight of Service Dogs

The Purdue University Veterinary Hospital’s Ophthalmology Service came to the aid of canines dedicated to lives of service recently during a special day set aside for checking the eye health of service dogs. On May 12, the Ophthalmology Service participated in the American College of Veterinary Ophthalmologists (ACVO)/Epicur National Service Animal Eye Exam event by providing free eye exams for qualified service dogs.

Sophie’s Comeback: Purdue Veterinary Specialists Help a Lame Dog Walk Again

A series of articles about animals and their owners who’ve found help and healing at the Purdue University Veterinary Hospital continues today as we share Sophie’s story. This story begins two years ago when an Easter morning emergency resulted in Sophie being brought to the hospital where veterinarians in the Neurology and Neurosurgery Service gave the paralyzed dog a second chance to walk.

Summer Break Signals Start of Summer Research for Purdue Veterinary Scholars

A feast of classic Indiana picnic food marked the traditional kick-off for the Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine’s Veterinary Scholars Summer Research Program. The annual program provides an opportunity for Purdue veterinary students as well as undergraduate students from Purdue and other universities to experience what it is like to conduct clinical and basic science research as they work with a faculty mentor to carry out a summer research project.